Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - jump
Jump
jump
v. & n. --v. 1 intr. move off the ground or other surface (usu. upward, at least initially) by sudden muscular effort in the legs. 2 intr. (often foll. by up, from, in, out, etc.) move suddenly or hastily in a specified way (we jumped into the car). 3 intr. give a sudden bodily movement from shock or excitement etc. 4 intr. undergo a rapid change, esp. an advance in status. 5 intr. (often foll. by about) change or move rapidly from one idea or subject to another. 6 a intr. rise or increase suddenly (prices jumped). b tr. cause to do this. 7 tr. a pass over (an obstacle, barrier, etc.) by jumping. b move or pass over (an intervening thing) to a point beyond. 8 tr. skip or pass over (a passage in a book etc.). 9 tr. cause (a thing, or an animal, esp. a horse) to jump. 10 intr. (foll. by to, at) reach a conclusion hastily. 11 tr. (of a train) leave (the rails) owing to a fault. 12 tr. ignore and pass (a red traffic-light etc.). 13 tr. get on or off (a train etc.) quickly, esp. illegally or dangerously. 14 tr. pounce on or attack (a person) unexpectedly. 15 tr. take summary possession of (a claim allegedly abandoned or forfeit by the former occupant). --n. 1 the act or an instance of jumping. 2 a a sudden bodily movement caused by shock or excitement. b (the jumps) colloq. extreme nervousness or anxiety. 3 an abrupt rise in amount, price, value, status, etc. 4 an obstacle to be jumped, esp. by a horse. 5 a a sudden transition. b a gap in a series, logical sequence, etc. Phrases and idioms get (or have) the jump on colloq. get (or have) an advantage over (a person) by prompt action. jump at accept eagerly. jump bail see BAIL(1). jump down a person's throat colloq. reprimand or contradict a person fiercely. jumped-up colloq. upstart; presumptuously arrogant. jump the gun see GUN. jumping-off place (or point etc.) the place or point of starting. jump-jet a jet aircraft that can take off and land vertically. jump-lead a cable for conveying current from the battery of a motor vehicle to boost (or recharge) another. jump-off a deciding round in a showjumping competition. jump on colloq. attack or criticize severely and without warning. jump out of one's skin colloq. be extremely startled. jump the queue 1 push forward out of one's turn. 2 take unfair precedence over others. jump-rope US a skipping-rope. jump seat US a folding extra seat in a motor vehicle. jump ship (of a seaman) desert. jump-start v.tr. start (a motor vehicle) by pushing it or with jump-leads. --n. the action of jump-starting. jump suit a one-piece garment for the whole body, of a kind orig. worn by paratroopers. jump to it colloq. act promptly and energetically. one jump ahead one stage further on than a rival etc. on the jump colloq. on the move; in a hurry. Derivatives jumpable adj. Etymology: 16th c.: prob. imit.
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1.
I. verb Etymology: probably akin to Low German gumpen to ~ Date: 1530 intransitive verb 1. to spring into the air ; leap, to move suddenly or involuntarily ; start, to move over a position occupied by an opponent's piece in a board game often thereby capturing the piece, to undergo a vertical or lateral displacement owing to improper alignment of the film on a projector mechanism, to start out or forward ; begin, to move energetically ; hustle, to go from one sequence of instructions in a computer program to another , coincide, agree, 3. to move haphazardly or irregularly ; shift abruptly , to change or abandon employment especially in violation of contract, to rise suddenly in rank or status, to undergo a sudden sharp change in value , to make a ~ in bridge, to make a hurried judgment , to show eagerness , to enter eagerly , to make a sudden physical or verbal attack , to bustle with activity , transitive verb 1. to leap over , to move over (a piece) in a board game, to act, move, or begin before (as a signal) , to leap aboard , risk, hazard, 3. to escape from ; avoid, to leave hastily or in violation of contract , to depart from (a normal course) , 4. to make a sudden physical or verbal attack on, to occupy illegally , 5. a. to cause to leap, to cause (game) to break cover ; start, flush, to elevate in rank or status, to raise (a bridge partner's bid) by more than one rank, to increase suddenly and sharply, II. adverb Date: 1539 exactly, pat, III. noun Date: circa 1552 1. a. an act of ~ing ; leap, any of several sports competitions featuring a leap, spring, or bound, a leap in figure skating in which the skater leaves the ice with both feet and turns in the air, a space cleared or covered by a leap, an obstacle to be ~ed over or from, a sudden involuntary movement ; start, a move made in a board game by ~ing, a transfer from one sequence of instructions in a computer program to a different sequence , venture, 3. a. a sharp sudden increase, a bid in bridge of more tricks than are necessary to overcall the preceding bid, an abrupt change or...Толковый словарь английского языка
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